2025-11-14

Even permanent residents who have established stable lives in Japan can become subject to “forced deportation” under certain conditions. This article explains everything from the basics of forced deportation to its implications for permanent residents.

What is Deportation?

“Deportation” refers to the measure where a foreign national residing in Japan is ordered to leave Japan and is returned to their home country due to violations of Japanese law or other reasons. Officially termed “Forced Departure,” deportation procedures are handled by the Immigration Services Agency (ISA).

Based on the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act (ICRA), deportation may be applied if a foreign national’s status of residence is revoked, they are found to be staying illegally, or they receive a criminal conviction. Unlike a simple “visa expiration,” deportation carries serious consequences, making re-entry into Japan difficult. Therefore, for foreign nationals wishing to continue residing in Japan, it is arguably the most critical legal measure to avoid.

When is Deportation Ordered?

Foreign nationals residing in Japan are primarily subject to deportation for reasons such as “illegal overstay,” “unauthorized employment,” or “conviction for a crime.”

For example, staying in Japan after the period of stay has expired without renewing the visa, or working in an unauthorized job, constitutes illegal overstay or unauthorized employment, making the individual subject to deportation.

Additionally, individuals convicted of criminal offenses such as murder, narcotics violations, or theft, receiving a sentence of imprisonment or heavier, may also be ordered for deportation. Furthermore, fraudulent acts like sham marriages or submitting false documents are also grounds for deportation.

If targeted, after investigation by immigration authorities or police detection, a “deportation order” is issued to the foreign resident, obligating them to depart Japan.

Are Permanent Residents Subject to Deportation?

Permanent residents generally hold a residence status allowing them to live in Japan indefinitely. However, this status is not absolute.

Article 22-4 of the Immigration Control Act stipulates that permanent residents may have their permanent residence permit revoked and become subject to deportation if they meet certain conditions, such as “being sentenced to imprisonment with or without labor for violating Japanese laws.”

Revocation is particularly likely for serious crimes or repeated offenses. In practice, however, decisions are typically made cautiously, considering factors like family status, length of residence, and integration into Japanese society.

Even permanent residents must comply with laws. Minor violations in daily life should not be taken lightly. Maintaining stable residence in Japan requires constant awareness of legal obligations.

Summary

Even permanent residents can be subject to deportation if they commit certain violations of laws and regulations. To protect the hard-earned permanent residency status, it is crucial to comply with laws and regulations and proactively prevent trouble.